Students and teachers of fundamental principles
Featured Individuals
- Aristotle (Ἀριστοτέλης; 384-322 BCE) - Greek philosopher, tutor of young Alexander the Great
- Lǎozǐ (老子) - Ancient Chinese philosopher, author of the Dào Dé Jīng
- Locke, John (1632-1704) - 17th century English philosopher
- Mill, John Stuart (1806-1873) - Nineteenth century British philosopher and economist, author of On Liberty
- Nozick, Robert (1938-2002) - Professor of philosophy, author of Anarchy, State, and Utopia
- Rand, Ayn (1905-1982) - Objectivist philosopher, novelist
- Spencer, Herbert (1820-1903) - 19th century English philosopher
- Thoreau, Henry David (1817-1862) - Nineteenth-century American author, noted for the essay "Civil Disobedience"
Notable Individuals
- Bentham, Jeremy (1748-1832) - 18th/19th century English philosopher and legal scholar, an early proponent of utilitarianism
- Ferguson, Adam (1723-1816) - 18th century Scottish philosopher and historian
- Herbert, Auberon (1838-1906) - Nineteenth century English philosopher and Member of Parliament
- Hospers, John (1918-2011) - Professor of philosophy, 1972 Libertarian Presidential candidate
- Hume, David (1711-1776) - 18th century Scottish philosopher
- Hutcheson, Francis (1694-1746) - 18th century Irish philosopher
- Kelley, David (1949- ) - Founder and Executive Director of The Objectivist Center
- Machan, Tibor (1939-2016) - Professor of philosophy and business ethics, co-founder of Reason magazine
- Mandeville, Bernard (1670-1733) - 18th century Dutch philosopher, physician and satirist
- Popper, Karl (1902-1994) - 20th century Austrian-born British philosopher
- Sidney, Algernon (1623-1683) - 17th century British Member of Parliament
Other Individuals
- Confucius (孔子; 551-479 BCE) - Chinese philosopher
- Marx, Karl (1818-1883) - German philosopher and economist, author of Das Kapital and Manifest der Kommunistischen Partei
- Plato (Πλάτων; 428-347 BCE) - Greek philosopher, student of Socrates
- Socrates (469-399 BCE) - Greek philosopher, teacher of Plato and Xenophon
- Spinoza, Baruch (1632-1677) - Dutch philosopher, author of Ethica, Ordine Geometrico demonstrata (1677)
- Voltaire (1694-1778) - French writer and philosopher, author of Candide, ou l'Optimisme; birthname François-Marie Arouet